User teknik may run the following commands on this host:
(ALL) ALL
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ mkdir sudo -l
mkdir: invalid option -- 'l'
Try `mkdir --help' for more information.
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ m
m: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ dev/sdb1
bash: dev/sdb1: No such file or directory
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ mkdir fdisk -l
mkdir: invalid option -- 'l'
Try `mkdir --help' for more information.
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo -l
Matching Defaults entries for teknik on this host:
env_reset
User teknik may run the following commands on this host:
(ALL) ALL
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00031dc4
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 994 7977984 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 994 1045 407553 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 994 1045 407552 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ m
m: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ fkdisk -h
No command 'fkdisk' found, did you mean:
Command 'mkdisk' from package 'xtrs' (multiverse)
Command 'fdisk' from package 'gnu-fdisk' (universe)
Command 'fdisk' from package 'util-linux' (main)
fkdisk: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ fdisk -h
Usage:
fdisk [options] <disk> change partition table
fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s)
fdisk -s <partition> give partition size(s) in blocks
Options:
-b <size> sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096)
-c switch off DOS-compatible mode
-h print help
-u <size> give sizes in sectors instead of cylinders
-v print version
-C <number> specify the number of cylinders
-H <number> specify the number of heads
-S <number> specify the number of sectors per track
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ 1
1: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ mm
The program 'mm' can be found in the following packages:
* mountmanager
* multimail
Try: sudo apt-get install <selected package>
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ m
m: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ w
13:53:55 up 16 min, 2 users, load average: 0.05, 0.38, 0.33
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
teknik tty7 :0 13:38 16:11 10.82s 0.33s gnome-session
teknik pts/0 :0.0 13:50 0.00s 0.27s 0.00s w
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00031dc4
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 994 7977984 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 994 1045 407553 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 994 1045 407552 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ fdisk -l
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ m
m: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x33e34c41.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-261, default 1): 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-261, default 261): 261
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): a
Partition number (1-4): 1
Partition 1 is already defined. Delete it before re-adding it.
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
m
Invalid partition number for type `m'
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): q
Partition number (1-4): 1
Partition 1 is already defined. Delete it before re-adding it.
Command (m for help): q
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x1764d94c.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-261, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-261, default 261): 1g
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x1764d94c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1 8001 83 Linux
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00031dc4
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 994 7977984 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 994 1045 407553 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 994 1045 407552 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x1764d94c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1 8001 83 Linux
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (2-261, default 2):
Using default value 2
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2-261, default 261):
Using default value 261
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x1764d94c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1 8001 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 2 261 2088450 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ fdisk -l
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00031dc4
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 994 7977984 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 994 1045 407553 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 994 1045 407552 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x1764d94c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1 8001 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 2 261 2088450 83 Linux
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ ext3
ext3: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mkfs.ext /dev/sbd1
sudo: mkfs.ext: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mkfs.ext /dev/sdb1
sudo: mkfs.ext: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mkfs.ext /dev/sdb
sudo: mkfs.ext: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/sdb is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) n
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
2000 inodes, 8000 blocks
400 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=8388608
1 block group
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2000 inodes per group
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (1024 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb2
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
130560 inodes, 522112 blocks
26105 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912
16 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8160 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 37 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ mount
/dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
none on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
none on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
none on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)
none on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
none on /var/run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755)
none on /var/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
none on /var/lib/ureadahead/debugfs type debugfs (rw,relatime)
binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/teknik/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=teknik)
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ mount/sdb1 /dhcp
bash: mount/sdb1: No such file or directory
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ mount /sdb1/dhcp
mount: can't find /sdb1/dhcp in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ mount /sdb1
mount: can't find /sdb1 in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ mount /dev/sdb1/dhcp
mount: can't find /dev/sdb1/dhcp in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ mount /dev/sdb1/data5
mount: can't find /dev/sdb1/data5 in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ nount /sdb1/data5
No command 'nount' found, did you mean:
Command 'mount' from package 'mount' (main)
Command 'mount' from package 'loop-aes-utils' (universe)
nount: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ mount /sdb1
mount: can't find /sdb1 in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ /sdb1 /etc/fstab
bash: /sdb1: No such file or directory
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mkdir data5
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ ls
data5 Documents examples.desktop Music Public Templates
Desktop Downloads m Pictures teknik Videos
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mkdir data6
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ ls
data5 Desktop Downloads m Pictures teknik Videos
data6 Documents examples.desktop Music Public Templates
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mkdir data7
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ ls
data5 data7 Documents examples.desktop Music Public Templates
data6 Desktop Downloads m Pictures teknik Videos
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mkdir data8
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ ls
data5 data7 Desktop Downloads m Pictures teknik Videos
data6 data8 Documents examples.desktop Music Public Templates
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 7.5G 2.3G 4.9G 32% /
none 243M 224K 243M 1% /dev
none 249M 168K 249M 1% /dev/shm
none 249M 88K 249M 1% /var/run
none 249M 0 249M 0% /var/lock
none 7.5G 2.3G 4.9G 32% /var/lib/ureadahead/debugfs
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /data5
mount: mount point /data5 does not exist
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1/data5
mount: can't find /dev/sdb1/data5 in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mount /dev /sdb1/data5
mount: mount point /sdb1/data5 does not exist
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 7.5G 2.3G 4.9G 32% /
none 243M 224K 243M 1% /dev
none 249M 168K 249M 1% /dev/shm
none 249M 88K 249M 1% /var/run
none 249M 0 249M 0% /var/lock
none 7.5G 2.3G 4.9G 32% /var/lib/ureadahead/debugfs
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mount/dev/sdb1 /data5
sudo: mount/dev/sdb1: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /data5
mount: mount point /data5 does not exist
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 7.5G 2.3G 4.9G 32% /
none 243M 224K 243M 1% /dev
none 249M 168K 249M 1% /dev/shm
none 249M 88K 249M 1% /var/run
none 249M 0 249M 0% /var/lock
none 7.5G 2.3G 4.9G 32% /var/lib/ureadahead/debugfs
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo gedit fstab
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mount/dev/sdb1 /data6
sudo: mount/dev/sdb1: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo gedit fstab
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /data6
mount: mount point /data6 does not exist
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo gedit fstab
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /data7
mount: mount point /data7 does not exist
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo gedit fstab
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /data8
mount: mount point /data8 does not exist
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo geditfstab
sudo: geditfstab: command not found
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$ sudo gedit fstab
teknik@teknik-VirtualBox:~$
